The Potsdam Institute
for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
WSL
National Tree Seed Centre (NTSC), Canada
Assisted migration' helps trees move so forests survive climate
change
Assisted Migration of Plants and Animals in a Changing Climate
Global Seed Vault becomes more important than ever as climate change
threatens crops
Johan
Schot: "Deep
Transitions Futures has vast ambitions,
taking a novel and bold approach to develop a new investment philosophy.
We are striving for long-term transformation. Naturally, the process
will come with uncertainties. And yet, exploring new horizons, developing
radical and innovative ideas and embracing unusual collaborations and
opportunities like this one, are the paths that need to be taken if
we are to forge a better future."
April
Rinne: "In a world of constant change, we need
to radically reshape our relationship to uncertainty to sustain a healthy
and productive outlook."
Lead Article:
Green energy:
South Africas transition plan must be careful not to deepen inequality
the 3 top issues by Mzukisi
Qobo, University of the Witwatersrand, South
Africa
Mzukisi Qobo
Mzukisi
Qobo, University
of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Since the UN
Climate Change Agreement was signed by 196 nations in December
2015, many countries have announced policies to reduce their fossil
fuel emissions.
Their commitments are set out in nationally
determined actions they’ll be taking to achieve this.
But the transition must navigate political
economy tensions, especially in developing countries.
Take South Africa, for example. It
has deep-seated socioeconomic challenges, such as inequality and unemployment.
Its unemployment rate (including people who have given up looking for
jobs) is unacceptably high at 42.5%.
The country is also among the most unequal
in the world.
And inequality remains mostly delineated by “race”. The mainstream economy
remains
predominantly owned by the white minority almost 30 years
after democracy.
The country is yet to formulate a systematic
transition plan, however. Such a plan would be underpinned by a social
contract, supported by a broad range of stakeholders and affected groups.
Moving to green energy will affect
those directly employed in the coal mining sector. This is a
fifth of those employed in the mining sector. That means
108,000 out of 514,859 people.
The ripple effects of the transition
will also be felt across the value chain – from mines to markets and
into people’s homes.
Making the green energy transition
a success requires that the government pay attention not just to environmental
factors, but also to socioeconomic needs. It must pay special attention
to the impact on workers and communities in mining areas, and the macroeconomic
effects of dwindling foreign exchange earnings and taxes.
Ignoring socioeconomic issues risks
a populist backlash that could slow a necessary transition to a green
industrial economy.
Socioeconomic imperatives
The core mission of South Africa’s
a shift towards green energy should be to achieve economic growth, rising
employment, and greater equity and inclusion. It must do all this while
minimising social risks.
A green energy transition that is not
anchored in fairness and inclusivity could potentially multiply socioeconomic
risks.
Any efforts to move away from fossil
fuels must cover three key areas. These include retraining workers who
face retrenchment, and developing supply chains that give opportunities
to small, micro and medium enterprises.
3 key elements for a sound green transition
plan
Retrain workers in the coal industry
who will be retrenched in the process, and offer them an alternative
source of livelihood. The transition, as the World
Bank proposes, requires a “whole-of-society” approach.
This should entail engagements with everyone who is affected to
ensure that no one is left behind.
Promote inclusive supply chains
to enable greater participation of small, micro and medium enterprises,
especially in small equipment manufacturing activities, installation,
civil works, retail
and maintenance.
The Organisation for Economic Cooperation
and Development notes
that small and medium enterprises can be important drivers
of green and inclusive growth. They can be encouraged to adopt green
strategies as part of their preconditions for
participating in the supply chains of major firms.
Enhance energy security by attracting
investment into other cleaner sources of energy. For example, the
European Union is considering reclassifying nuclear as part of green
energy. Major countries such as France insist on “technology neutrality”
to include nuclear and hydrogen in their energy mix, rather than
to privilege solar and wind energy sources that
do not have baseload. Lack of baseload compromises energy
security.
Renewable energy sources provide
intermittent power, depending on the availability of sun or wind,
whereas average demand requires consistent supply. Europe’s predicament
in the wake of Russia’s war on Ukraine best illustrates this: as
soon as Russia throttled Europe’s gas supply, governments
rationed electricity to curb demand. Or they ramped up
the demand for coal from countries such as Colombia, Australia and
South Africa to
ensure baseload.
A wide lens
As countries march towards a brave
new world of green technologies, they must ensure that those left behind,
and trapped at the bottom of the old industrial economy, are at the
helm of the new economy. The transition to the ideal state must reflect
a broad energy mix, rather than leaning on a narrow set of technologies
that may not adequately offer energy security or produce just and equitable
outcomes.
South Africa must balance environmental
concerns, socioeconomic imperatives and energy security in its transition
strategies.
will very likely have to be a combination
of institutional capacity building, well-chosen policies and a substantial
contribution by the international community – technologically as well
as financially.
Brienz/Brinzauls is a municipality
in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.
Why this "falling
rocks" sign is more important than most by Tom Scott
In Brienz/Brinzauls, a small village in the east of Switzerland, there's
a village slipping into a valley and a road that's surprisingly dangerous.
The Rockfall Radar detects falling boulders in real time and automatically
closes transport routes at risk. Since the road passes through the runout
zone of the rockfall zone in Brienz, it takes between 30 and 60 seconds
for a boulder to reach the road depending on boulder size and track.
This warning time is sufficient to close the road in time. The Rockfall
Radar functions independently of prevailing visibility conditions, day/night
as well as in fog or snow. The Rockfall Radar is mounted to the wall
of the former school in Brienz and permanently monitors the rockfall
zone at a distance of approx. 1 km. Upon rockfall detection the radar
automatically switches the traffic lights to red and notifies the responsible
safety managers. Should a vehicle be within the closed area when the
alarm is triggered, there is enough time to leave the road section at
risk assuming normal travel speed.
The municipality will sound the alarm in the endangered area. The population
is then urged to leave the area via
the evacuation route. Pay attention to the loudspeaker announcements.
If you need assistance during the evacuation, make your way to the emergency
meeting point at village fountain
Brienz/Brinzauls. There you will receive information on the evacuation
procedure and can ask for help.
The fire brigade will take your personal details at the check point
at the Belfort bridge, giving the rescue teams an
overview of who has left the village. This overview is in the interests
of your own safety.
If necessary, at the assembly and information point at the school of
Alvaneu-Dorf you will be allocated to an
accommodation which will be available quickly.
During and after evacuation, you will receive all necessary information
from the municipality via text messaging service or notice board in
the school of Alvaneu-Dorf. Any questions? Contact us on our hotline.
The authorities will ensure that family members remain together during
evacuation or are reunited as quickly as possible.
(...)
Residents of Brienz/Brinzauls have been told to evacuate the village
by Friday, May 12th 2023.
Deep Transitions Futures
uses the findings of Deep Transitions History to explore a set of
future scenarios that illustrate the transformations needed to combat
the great challenges of our time. Both the public and private financial
sectors have a critical role to play in transforming our systems of
provision in a way that contributes to the fundamental changes needed
to fight climate change, species depletion, unsustainable waste production,
and rising inequalities.
Through setting up a Global Investors Panel, the project aims to bring
together experts of the sustainability transitions/transformation
research community and thought leaders from the private and public
investment sector, particularly those who have involvement with investment
in science and developing digital and other technologies.
Deep Transitions Futures is a collaboration between the Science Policy
Research Unit (SPRU) at the University of Sussex Business School in
the UK, and the Utrecht University Centre for Global Challenges (UGlobe)
in the Netherlands.
KANTHARI,
change from within
by Marijn Poels, 2015
Since 2009, kanthari has
equipped 258 social change makers from 53 countries.
This has resulted in 150+ organisations that have been positively impacting
the lives of 200,000+ people who are situated on the margins of society.
Solutions for issues/problems in different fields are being implemented:
protection of the environment, water/waste management, peacebuilding,
women empowerment, disability, alternative education/learning, and many
more.
Through an immersive, hands-on, and intensive training program, participants
acquire all the techniques, tools, methods, and skills they need to
start up and run effective, relevant social and/or environmental projects/
initiatives/organisations.
The Protected Planet Report established
in 2021 that Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 was partially achieved. This
target had multiple components. One specified that 17% of the worlds
land and inland waters should be within protected and conserved areas
by 2020. The most tangible success of the target was that this component
was achieved by the time the Protected Planet Report was published,
accounting for known delays between protected areas being designated
and appearing in the Protected Planet databases. Today, this achievement
is fully reflected in the data, with the March 2023 release of the Protected
Planet databases showing 17.08% terrestrial coverage.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is
pleased to launch a Request for Applications (RFA) on the development
of gene doping detection methods.
Science is key to driving advances in anti-doping.
Innovative research leads to the identification of new doping trends,
new substances, new doping methods and new detection approaches. WADA
funds scientific research projects to develop and optimize analytical
tools for the detection of use of prohibited substances and doping methods
within sport populations.
This RFA builds on previous funding for
development of gene doping detection methods, which led to implementation
in WADA-accredited laboratories of a sensitive analytical method using
polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Biophilic
design is an approach to architecture that seeks to connect building
occupants more closely to nature. Biophilic designed buildings incorporate
things like natural lighting and ventilation, natural landscape features
and other elements for creating a more productive and healthy built
environment for people.
Biophilic Design - 7 Principles to Better
Connect Your Home with Nature by Simple Dwelling
The best-selling
guide for coping with changes in life and work, named one of the 50
all-time best books in self-help and personal development
Whether you choose it or
it is thrust upon you, change brings both opportunities and turmoil.
Since Transitions was first published, this supportive guide has helped
hundreds of thousands of readers cope with these issues by providing
an elegantly simple yet profoundly insightful roadmap of the transition
process. With the understanding born of both personal and professional
experience, William Bridges takes readers step by step through the three
stages of any transition: The Ending, The Neutral Zone, and, eventually,
The New Beginning. Bridges explains how each stage can be understood
and embraced, leading to meaningful and productive movement into a hopeful
future. With a new introduction highlighting how the advice in the book
continues to apply and is perhaps even more relevant today, and a new
chapter devoted to change in the workplace, Transitions will remain
the essential guide for coping with the one constant in life: change.
William Bridges
is an internationally known speaker, author, and consultant who advises
individuals and organizations in how to deal productively with change.
Educated originally in
the humanities at Harvard, Columbia, and Brown Universities, he was
(until his own career change in 1974) a professor of American Literature
at Mills College, Oakland, CA. He is a past president of the Association
for Humanistic Psychology. The Wall Street Journal listed him as one
of the top ten independent executive development presenters in America.
A kind
of meditative peace: quiet hour shopping makes us wonder why our
cities have to be so noisy
by Eduardo de
la Fuente, University of South Australia and Michael James Walsh, University
of Canberra
The idea behind
“quiet hour” shopping is to set aside a time each week for a retail
experience that minimises noise and other sources of sensory overload.
It is aimed at people who are neurodivergent
– an umbrella term for people with autism, ADHD and other sensory-processing
conditions.
What began
as a boutique or specialist retail strategy has become more mainstream.
Major supermarketchains
and shopping
centres in Australia and overseas have introduced it in recent
years.
In newly published
research
we explored quiet hour as an aspect of the impacts of sound on how people
experience city life. As expected, we found it did benefit people who
are neurodivergent. But other people also welcomed the relief from sensory
overload once they’d overcome the feeling of having wandered into an
eerily quiet “post-apocalyptic scene”.
Our work has
made us question the acceptance of urban noise and light as being part
and parcel of a vibrant city.
What does
quiet hour involve?
Quiet hour
is intended to make retail spaces more inclusive or sensory-friendly.
Its features include retailers or mall managers agreeing to:
switch
automatic doors to open
pause
collection of trolleys
turn off
the PA and music
fix flickering
lights and turn off as much lighting as practicable
remove
scented reeds and pause automatic scent dispensers
switch
off hand dryers
turn down
the volume on checkout scanners.
One of the
tools we used for mapping quiet hour was a thematic
analysis of reports about it in Australian print media from
2017 to 2019. We found the following themes:
an emphasis
on the kinds of discomforts associated with retail environments
the importance
of providing a “low-sensory environment” as a form of inclusion
while
lighting was often mentioned, the main recurring theme was the reduction
of sound.
Why does
reducing sound matter?
Sound and
sensory hypersensitivity are important themes in neurodivergent people’s
accounts of how they struggle with everyday experiences others take
for granted.
Leading autism
researcher and advocate Sandra Thom-Jones writes
that neurodivergents’ sensitivity to sound is complex. It’s affected
by “what the sound actually is, how loud it is, whether I am expecting
it, and whether I can control it”.
People might
assume everyone has the ability to frame
which sounds are important and which are “irrelevant to what
we are listening to or doing”. However, the ability to single out sound
sources and block out background noise is a major point of differentiation
between neurotypicals and neurodivergents.
Thom-Jones,
who received her autism diagnosis at age 52, reports
that when she is “in an environment with multiple sounds” she tends
to “hear all of them”.
Thus, when
she is catching up with a friend in a café, she may be “listening intently”
to what her friend is saying but she will also be “hearing the piped
music, the people talking at the next table, cars driving past, the
coffee machine”.
Others welcome
quiet hour too
Given how
neurodivergents process sound, quiet hour is likely to increase their
sense of comfort in retail spaces.
However, quiet
hour also suspends or – to use a term coined by Erving
Goffman – “rekeys” the sensory
frames of all shoppers. A quiet hour could benefit lots of
people who may not have a specific condition but simply prefer a quieter
retail environment.
We found this
is an under-researched area, but did find anecdotal accounts to suggest
this. Take the case
of New Zealand actress and author Michelle Langstone.
She reports
visiting stores across Auckland and Rotorua that offer quiet-hour shopping.
She stumbled upon it by “sheer luck”. At first, she admits, it felt
“a bit like a post-apocalyptic scene”.
Once she adjusted
to the unfamiliar sensory environment, she felt herself succumbing to
changed supermarket routines:
“I cruised
every single [aisle], taking in the quiet for nearly 45 minutes, at
the end of which I felt a kind of meditative peace come over me.”
Langstone
also reports
avoiding impulse buying. That first time she left with “only [the] bread
and eggs” she had gone to the shop for. She was able to focus on shopping
rather than “multi-tasking”, and quiet hour left her with a “feeling
of goodwill towards all shoppers”.
In other words,
even if the strategy is about levelling the sensory playing field for
neurodivergents, it seems to change
the shopping experience for other people too.
Why the bias
towards the noisy city?
As researchers
interested in sound and space, quiet hour made us reflect on how we
think about these issues and our attitudes to noise. It made us question,
for example, why one of the most cited texts in our field is entitled
Noise:
The Political Economy of Music?
Studies of
silence or quietude are rare in urban or spatial studies. One has to
turn to fields such as the study of meditation
practices or the silence associated with nature
or sacred spaces to find positive accounts of reduced noise.
What quiet
hour teaches us is that an inclusive or welcoming city is a city that
“resonates”
with different kinds of minds, bodies and styles of sensory processing.
Quiet hour
might therefore be both an inclusion strategy and an experiment that
forces us to think more deeply about our cities and how they sound.
Plants can be said to migrate, as seed dispersal
enables plants to grow in new areas, under environmental constraints
such as temperature and rainfall. When those constraints change, the
border of a plant species's distribution may move, so the plant may
be said to migrate, as for example in forest migration.
What causes plant migration?
Plants can be said to migrate, as seed dispersal enables plants to grow
in new areas, under environmental constraints such as temperature and
rainfall. When those constraints change, the border of a plant species's
distribution may move, so the plant may be said to migrate, as for example
in forest migration.
How climate change is affecting plants?
Rising temperatures lead to more frequent droughts, wildfires, and invasive
pest outbreaks, leading to the loss of plant species. That has numerous
detrimental effects including: Lowered Productivity: Longer droughts
and increased number of heat waves will stress plants, causing them
to be less productive.
How climate change is related to migration?
Climate migration occurs when people leave their homes due to extreme
weather events, including floods, heat waves, droughts, and wildfires,
as well as slower-moving climate challenges such as rising seas and
intensifying water stress.
How do plants adapt to climate change?
Plants adapt to environmental stress by altering their metabolism, flowering,
growth, and reproduction; and by migrating toward areas with more favorable
climatic conditions.
How does increasing CO2 affect plants?
Rising carbon dioxide concentrations will increase plant growth. More
rapid leaf area development and more total leaf area could translate
into more transpiration. Rising carbon dioxide concentrations will decrease
leaf stomatal conductance to water vapor. This effect could reduce transpiration.
What is an example of migration in climate change?
Climate change drivers of migration are, for example, extreme weather
events like tropical hurricanes and droughts, or gradual changes to
the environment like soil salinisation and rising sea levels.
How do plants adapt to cold climates?
As soon as the temperature decreases, it grows rapidly and produces
seeds. It has thin leaves which help reduce water loss by transpiration.
It has shallow roots to access nutrients and water close to the surface
within the active layer.
is advancing the frontier of integrated research for global sustainability,
and for a safe and just climate future. A member of the Leibniz Association,
the institute is based in Potsdam, Brandenburg and connected with the
global scientific community. Drawing on excellent research, PIK provides
relevant scientific advice for policy decision-making. The institutes
international staff of about 400 is led by a committed interdisciplinary
team of Directors. This is science for a safe tomorrow.
The Swiss
Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL conducts
research into changes in the terrestrial environment, as well as into
the use and protection of natural spaces and cultural landscapes. It
monitors the condition and development of the forests, landscapes, biodiversity,
natural hazards, and snow and ice, and develops sustainable solutions
for problems that are relevant to society together with its partners
from science and society.
WSL is organized in Research
Units, Research Programmes and Initiatives and Service and Support Units.
WSL has, from the start,
been active in all regions in Switzerland. In 1888 the first experimental
plots were set up across the country to find out more about tree growth
and yield. Today WSL maintains more than 6000 experimental and research
plots, including large experimental stations for studying rock fall
or debris flow, study areas for monitoring the effects of climate change
on forests and sites damaged by storms or fires for investigating the
impact of these natural hazards.
WSL is a research institute
of the Swiss Confederation. It is part of the ETH Domain and employs
approximately 600 people. In addition to the headquarters in Birmensdorf,
near Zurich, and to the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research
SLF in Davos, branch stations in Lausanne and Bellinzona (opened in
1991) and Sion (1996) generate local synergies and reach out to professionals.
As part of an ETH Domain
research institute, the Confederation requires the WSL to provide cutting-edge
research and social benefits, particularly for Switzerland. One of the
WSL's important national functions is to conduct the Swiss National
Forest Inventory (NFI) and long-term forest ecosystem monitoring (LWF).
It is particularly active in applied research, but basic research is
also among its duties. SLF employees develop tools and guidelines for
authorities, industry and the public in order to offer them support
in natural hazard risk management and in the analysis of climatic and
environmental changes. They also share their knowledge by teaching at
domestic and foreign universities and by training other professionals.
WSL strives for excellence
in terrestrial environmental research to provide solutions improving
quality of life in a healthy environment.
What's the Swiss federal research institute
WSL about?
by Eidg. Forschungsanstalt WSL
The National Tree Seed
Centre (NTSC) maintains a dynamic living library of Canadas forest
genetic resources. The NTSC has over 13,000 unique seed collections
from over 200 tree and shrub species the most diverse collection
of its kind in Canada. The centre is located at the Canadian Forest
Services Atlantic Forestry Centre in Fredericton, New Brunswick.
At the centre, we:
provide small quantities
of seed for scientific research
collect, test and store
seed collections
offer seed collection
training and data
The quality of our seed
collections, coupled with our expertise in storage and germination testing,
makes the NTSC an important resource for:
research
conservation
restoration
reclamation
reforestation
tree and shrub breeding
Videos
Assisted migration' helps trees move
so forests survive climate change
by KARE 11
"The idea is that the climate has
shifted further north and so maybe the plants are mismatched with the
climate they are adapted to."
Assisted Migration of
Plants and Animals in a Changing Climate
by ghostsofevolution
Connie Barlow presents the rationale for advocating "assisted migration"
northward to help an endangered conifer tree, Florida Torreya (Torreya
taxifolia), recover from otherwise certain extinction. (The species
had stopped producing seeds in its historically native range back in
the 1960s, and was hanging on simply by a cycle of sending up new stems
from the roots, which soon died back again.)
Barlow's talk was filmed
in 2004 the same year that she and Paul S. Martin co-authored
an advocacy piece, "Bring Torreya Taxifolia North Now," published
in Wild Earth magazine. 2004 was also the year that Connie coordinated
the formation of and created a website for Torreya Guardians, torreyaguardians.org
Four years after this talk
was filmed, Barlow and other Torreya Guardians" legally planted
31 nursery-grown seedlings of Torreya taxifolia in two forested plots
of private land in the mountains of North Carolina. This action is recognized
as the first intentional "assisted migration" for a plant
species in the USA in direct response to climate change.
Global Seed Vault becomes more important
than ever as climate change threatens crops
by PBS NewsHour
When you think of fresh
produce and fields of grain, the Arctic may not spring to mind. But
just 800 miles from the North Pole, the Global Seed Vault holds emergency
stockpiles of most of the world's crops. It provides scientists with
the tools they need to breed plants able to cope with a changing world.
Special correspondent John Bevir visited the vault to learn more about
the future of food.
April
Rinne is equal parts global authority, advocate, ally
and adventurer. She sees trends early, understands their potential,
and helps others do the same. Shes a global citizen who brings
insights, access and perspective to companies, governments, investors
and organizations worldwide. But April is not only a thought leader;
shes also a doer. She connects people, ideas and resources in
ways that say "wow, that's what the world needs" and
then makes it happen.
April is a pathfinder within the digital economy, platform economy and
sharing economy. She advises startups and established companies, local
and national governments, policy makers, think tanks and investors,
working across for - profit and non - profit models. Her areas of expertise
include policy reform; global expansion; the future of work; travel
and tourism; sustainable development; cities; and emerging markets.
She is known for her skill in bridging the private, public and social
sectors -- building a more inclusive and responsible sharing economy
in the process
Business
models are in flux, the future of work is in flux, careers are in flux,
education is in flux, financial markets are in flux, demographics are
in flux, and the climate is in flux. If any of these topics ring true
for you, youre in the right place.
The world is changing,
and I make sense of these changes from the perspective of a trusted
advisor, advocate, thought leader, and lifelong global citizen. With
more than 25 years of experience in more than 100 countries, Ive
developed a keen eye towards where the world is heading, and I have
no greater purpose than to help build a brighter tomorrow.
About Flux
Discover eight powerful mindset shifts that enable leaders and seekers
of all ages to thrive in a time of unprecedented change and uncertainty.
Being adaptable and flexible have always
been hallmarks of effective leadership and a fulfilling life. But in
a world of so much - and faster-paced - change, and an ever-faster pace
of change, flexibility and resilience can be stretched to their breaking
points. The quest becomes how to find calm and lasting meaning in the
midst of enduring chaos.
A world in flux calls for a new mindset, one that treats constant change
and uncertainty as a feature, not a bug. Flux helps readers open this
mindset - a flux mindset - and develop eight flux superpowers
that flip conventional ideas about leadership, success, and well-being
on their heads. They empower people to see change in new ways, craft
new responses, and ultimately reshape their relationship to change from
the inside out. April Rinne defines these eight flux superpowers:
Run slower.
See whats invisible.
Get lost.
Start with trust.
Know your enough.
Create your portfolio career.
Be all the more human (and serve other humans).
Let go of the future.
Whether readers are sizing up their career,
reassessing their values, designing a product, building an organization,
trying to inspire their colleagues, or simply showing up more fully
in the world, enjoying a flux mindset and activating their flux superpowers
will keep readers grounded even when the ground is too often shifting
beneath them.
April Rinne - Finding Your
Superpower Through Uncertainty
by Mo Gawdat